中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
“三支箭”支持下,房地产融资行情年末“翘尾”****** 中新网1月11日电 (中新财经记者 左宇坤)房地产市场的整体回暖虽尚待时日,但伴随着利好政策的全面释放,房企融资端已出现了立竿见影的效果。 2022年11月起,监管部门先后向房地产业发出“三支箭”,分别从信贷、债券、股权三个融资主渠道给予支持。以最近数据来看,房地产企业的融资已然“破冰”。 资料图:城市高楼林立。 中新社记者 王东明 摄12月房企融资行情“翘尾” 2022年,各级监管部门出台的稳楼市政策持续加码,除了在需求端不断降低购房成本与门槛,房企们也等来了金融机构“开闸放活水”。 “可以将2022年分成两个阶段,上半年通过‘稳需求’来‘稳经济’,下半年通过‘保供给’来‘稳信心’。”58安居客房产研究院分院院长张波总结称。 其中,尤以支持房企融资的“三箭齐发”引发关注。 “第一支箭”加速落地,多家银行陆续加入支持房企融资队列密集授信。据中指研究院2022年12月中旬发布的数据,60余家银行已向超100家房企授信4万亿元。 “第二支箭”持续推进,例如,中债增进公司已出具对龙湖集团、美的置业、金辉集团3家民营房企发债信用增进函,拟首批分别支持3家企业发行20亿元、15亿元、12亿元中期票据。 “第三支箭”反响积极,“开闸”三日,便至少有8家涉房企业抛出拟非公开发行股票进行股权融资的计划。据克而瑞研究中心统计,2022年12月重点监测房企共涉及48笔并购交易,披露交易金额的有32笔,总交易对价约528亿人民币,环比大幅增加72.4%。 从“三支箭”的各项反馈来看,越来越多的涉房企业获得融资“灌溉”的机会。 “‘第一支箭’和‘第二支箭’普遍都圈定在优质企业上,”易居研究院智库中心研究总监严跃进指出,而“第三支箭”的再融资政策对于部分小规模的区域房企有积极意义,有助于无门槛地获得融资。 “三箭齐发”释放出的积极效应已毋庸置疑,也带动了12月的融资行情出现“翘尾”。 据中指研究院监测,2022年12月,房企非银融资为655.82亿元,环比增长34.2%。主要便是得益于11月以来,政策大力支持优质房企发债融资,多家民营房增信发债成功。 资料图:郑州某商品房销售中心展示的楼房沙盘。 韩章云 摄融资宽松态势或有望延续 “在行业供给端利好尽出的背景下,房企筹资端流动性紧张问题将得以明显改善。”中指研究院认为,改善房企资产负债计划将继续实施,2023年将延续近期出台的支持房企融资政策。 “各项融资渠道重新开闸,优质房企将重获生机,整个行业可能会迎来一波重组并购潮,行业风险有望进一步缓释。此外,增量资金对于项目端的支持和‘保交楼’的落实,将有助于稳定居民预期。”张波说。 但不应忽视的是,从2022年全年数据来看,房企全年融资总量为8240亿元,同比减少38%,2016年以来首次低于1万亿元。 展望2023年,克而瑞研究中心认为,房企供给侧改革已渐近尾声,稳信用下企业整体融资环境或将实质性改善,央国企及优质民企更将显著受益。由于2021年以来房企发债量长期小于到期量,因此房企偿债一直处于承压状态,2023年前三季度一大波偿债潮仍需房企注意。 “2023年房企偿债压力仍较大,部分房企流动性困难风险仍未解除。”中指研究院企业研究总监刘水指出,企业要抓住当前融资窗口期,更要借助融资力量拉动销售端,推动经营端流动性回暖,从根本上解决流动性问题。 正如刘水所言,供给端面临的风险归根结底需要需求端来盘活。 “市场底最为重要的观察点将回到商品房销售。”中信证券首席FICC分析师明明指出,在需求侧和供给侧政策的共同推动下,商品房销售有望在明年二季度显著复苏。(完)
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